{"id":10484,"date":"2013-05-03T17:14:37","date_gmt":"2013-05-03T14:14:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=10484"},"modified":"2013-05-03T17:14:37","modified_gmt":"2013-05-03T14:14:37","slug":"bazen-petrol-miktari-luzumundan-fazla-oluyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/bazen-petrol-miktari-luzumundan-fazla-oluyor\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Bazen Petrol Miktar\u0131 L\u00fczumundan Fazla Oluyor"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

\u0130ran\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 toplum taraf\u0131ndan uygulanan yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar sonucu \u0130ran\u2019dan petrol ihracat\u0131, kanl\u0131 \u0130ran-Irak sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n doru\u011fu olan 1986 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u00fczeye kadar azald\u0131. Bilindi\u011fi gibi petrol, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n ihracattan elde etti\u011fi gelirin %80 kadar\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00e7enin gelir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %50\u2019sini sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Petrol ile ilgili problemler \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n ekonomik durumuna do\u011frudan etki yap\u0131yor.<\/strong><\/p>\n

ABD, Avrupa Birli\u011fi, Avustralya, Kanada ve pek\u00e7ok di\u011fer \u00fclkeler taraf\u0131ndan uygulanan yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n petrol ihracat\u0131n\u0131, petrol ta\u015f\u0131ma sigortas\u0131n\u0131 ve bankac\u0131l\u0131k i\u015flemlerini kaps\u0131yor. \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n kan\u0131s\u0131nca b\u00f6yle yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n petrol sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan elde etti\u011fi gelirin azalmas\u0131na neden olup \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck harcamalar isteyen n\u00fckleer program\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmesini engelleyecek.<\/p>\n

Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n n\u00fckleer program\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmesine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 etki hakk\u0131nda net veriler yoktur. Fakat \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n petrol sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan elde etti\u011fi gelirin yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar sonucunda \u00f6nemli bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Rusya \u015earkiyat enstit\u00fcs\u00fc \u0130ran b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u015fefi Nina Mamedova verdi\u011fi deme\u00e7te \u015funu s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u015eimdi \u0130ran\u2019da petrolle ilgili olarak kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k durum meydana geldi. Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar petrol ihracat\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131s\u0131ra petrol \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 da etkiliyor. T\u00fcm bunlar dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile istihdam problemine ve i\u015f \u00fccretine etki yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fclkenin t\u00fcm ekonomisinde olumsuz ifadesini buluyor. Bu da \u0130ran\u2019daki sosyal durum hakk\u0131nda iyimserlik telkin etmilyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

En \u00f6nemli problem de, daha \u00f6nce ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen petrol sevkiyat\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6demeler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 problemidir. Bu ba\u011flamda \u00f6demeler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 tarihleri ve para transfer usulleri ile ilgili zorluklar ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u0130ran ile para trasfer i\u015flemlerinin ger\u00e7\"\"<\/a>ekle\u015ftirilmesi yasakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Tahran daha \u00f6nce sevkedilen petrol i\u00e7in \u00f6denmesi gereken 4 milyar dolar alam\u0131yor. \u00d6rne\u011fin Shell \u015firketinin \u0130ran\u2019a yakla\u015f\u0131k 2,5 milyar dolarl\u0131k borcu var. Petrol, Avrupa Birli\u011fi, \u0130ran\u2019dan petrol ihracat\u0131n\u0131 yasaklamadan \u00f6nce \u0130ran Ulusal petrol \u015firketinden sat\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131. \u015eimdi ise Shell \u015firketi, ne d\u00f6viz cinsinde ne de barter usul\u00fc ile borcunu \u00f6deyemiyor. \u0130ngiltere makamlar\u0131 Shell \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan \u0130ran\u2019a olan bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n her ne \u015fekilde olursa olsun \u00f6denmesini yasaklad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mart ay\u0131nda Wasington baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerin \u0130ran\u2019dan petrol sat\u0131n almas\u0131na izin verdi. Hindistan, b\u00f6yle \u00fclkelerden biridir. Hindistan \u0130ran\u2019dan petrol sat\u0131n alan \u00fclkeler listesinde ikinci s\u0131ray\u0131 tutuyor. \u0130ran ile Hindistan aras\u0131nda bu alanda yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 milyar dolar tutar\u0131nda i\u015flemler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in gibi Hindistan da son aylarda \u0130ran\u2019dan petrol al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kah azalt\u0131yor, kah artt\u0131r\u0131yor. B\u00f6yle olmakla beraber \u0130ran\u2019dan petrol al\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n genellikle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6steri\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin 31 Mart 2013-de son bulan 2012 finansal y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ran\u2019dan Hindistan\u2019a yap\u0131lan petrol sevki 2011 y\u0131l\u0131ndakine k\u0131yasla d\u00f6rtte bir azald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Genellikle \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n petrol ihracat\u0131 son aylarda d\u00fc\u015fmeye devam etti. Bu y\u0131l\u0131n \u015eubat ay\u0131nda \u0130ran d\u00fcnya piyasas\u0131na g\u00fcnde 1,1 milyon varil petrol sevkediyordu. \u0130lk verilere g\u00f6re Mart ay\u0131nda g\u00fcnl\u00fck petrol sevkiyat\u0131 810 bin varile kadar azald\u0131. Halbuki 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n ortalama g\u00fcnl\u00fck petrol sevkiyat\u0131 2,5 milyon varil d\u00fczeyinde idi.<\/p>\n

Petrol \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6steriyor. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l g\u00fcnde ortalama 2,5-3 milyon varil petrol \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bundan \u00f6nceki y\u0131llarda ise bu g\u00f6sterge 4 k\u00fcs\u00fcr milyon varil d\u00fczeyinde bulundu. Fakat bug\u00fcn daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck miktarda petrol\u00fcn bile sat\u0131lmas\u0131, son derecede g\u00fc\u00e7 oluyor. Bunun i\u00e7in \u0130ran satamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 milyonlarca varil petrol\u00fc, kendi kara sular\u0131nda bulundurdu\u011fu tankerlerde depolamaya ba\u015flad\u0131.\u00d6rne\u011fin Asaluye petrol terminali yak\u0131n\u0131nda 11 tanker bulunuyor. Her biri 2 milyon varil ham petrol i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n

Bu ko\u015fullarda Tahran orijinal bir karar ald\u0131. \u0130ran, d\u00f6viz cinsinde \u00f6demeler yapmak yetene\u011finde olmayan kendi m\u00fcttefi\u011fi Kuzey Kore\u2019ye petrol sevkedecek. Her halde bu ba\u011flamda en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan para de\u011fildir. Kuzey Kore\u2019ye petrol sevkedilmesi, Tahran\u2019\u0131n teslim olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Bat\u0131 ile m\u00fccadeleyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterecek iyi bir reklam eylemi olacak.<\/p>\n

Fakat bu karar yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar sonucu \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya geldi\u011fi finansal problemlerin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini sa\u011flayamaz. Meydana gelen durumdan \u00e7\u0131kar yol, uluslararas\u0131 toplum ad\u0131na arabuluculuk yapan \u201c6-lar grubu\u201d ile \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n n\u00fckleer problemi konusunda mutabakata var\u0131lmas\u0131 yoludur. Sa\u011fduyulu uzla\u015fmalar, Tahran\u2019\u0131n petrol sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden istikrarla\u015ft\u0131rmakla kalmay\u0131p ekonominin geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in yitirilen olanaklar\u0131 iade etmesi olana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 verecek.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Enerji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.\u0130ran\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 toplum taraf\u0131ndan uygulanan yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar sonucu \u0130ran\u2019dan petrol ihracat\u0131, kanl\u0131 \u0130ran-Irak sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n doru\u011fu olan 1986 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u00fczeye kadar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10485,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,44],"tags":[63,67,1333,5072,5073,59,5071,628,2522],"views":591,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10484"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10484"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10484\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10486,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10484\/revisions\/10486"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10485"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10484"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10484"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10484"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}